Asbestos in Cosmetics: Talc Risks

Talc-based cosmetics can contain asbestos contamination. Learn about the risks, recalled products, and how to protect yourself.

Key Facts
IARC classified talc “possibly carcinogenic” (2024)
FDA cannot require pre-market testing
Major recalls: J&J, Claire’s, Justice, others
Products affected: powders, foundation, eyeshadow, blush

Key Facts

FactDetail
Contamination sourceTalc naturally occurring near asbestos
Products affectedPowders, foundation, eyeshadow, blush
IARC classificationTalc classified “possibly carcinogenic” (2024)
FDA authorityLimited; cannot require pre-market testing
Major recallsJohnson & Johnson, Claire’s, others

Cosmetics containing talc can be contaminated with asbestos, a risk that has led to major product recalls and billions of dollars in legal settlements. Understanding this risk helps consumers make informed choices.

Why Cosmetics Contain Asbestos

The Talc-Asbestos Connection

Talc and asbestos are both minerals that often form in the same geological deposits:

MineralTypeUse in Cosmetics
TalcSilicate mineralBase for powders, absorbs moisture
AsbestosSilicate mineralContaminant: not intentionally added

When talc is mined from deposits near asbestos, cross-contamination can occur.

Products That May Contain Talc

Product TypeCommon Use
Baby powderMoisture absorption
Face powderSetting makeup
FoundationTexture, coverage
EyeshadowPigment base
BlushColor application
Body powderFreshness

Major Contamination Cases

Johnson & Johnson Baby Powder

The largest cosmetic asbestos case involves J&J:

DevelopmentYear
First lawsuits filed2013+
Internal documents revealed2018
Talc baby powder discontinued2020 (North America)
Global discontinuation2023
Major verdicts$1.56B Craft, $966M Moore

Claire’s Cosmetics

In 2019, FDA testing found asbestos in Claire’s makeup marketed to children:

ProductFinding
Shimmer eyeshadowAsbestos fibers detected
Compact powderAsbestos contamination
Contour paletteTremolite asbestos found

Claire’s recalled the products, though initially disputed the findings.

Other Recalled Products

Brand/RetailerProductYear
JusticeCosmetic kits2019
City ColorEye shadow2019
Beauty Plus GlobalContour palette2020
Various Amazon sellersMultiple productsOngoing

How Exposure Occurs

Routes of Exposure

RouteMechanism
InhalationBreathing powder during application
Perineal useBaby powder in genital area
OccupationalCosmetics manufacturing workers
SecondaryFamily members of workers

Repeated Exposure Over Time

FactorConcern
Daily useYears of repeated exposure
Application methodShaking, puffing releases particles
Confined spacesBathroom application concentrates particles
Multiple productsUsing several talc products

Health Risks

Mesothelioma Connection

EvidenceStatus
Case reportsMesothelioma linked to cosmetic talc
Epidemiological studiesMixed but concerning
Court verdictsMultiple findings of causation
IARC classificationTalc “possibly carcinogenic”

The 2024 IARC classification upgraded talc to Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans).

Ovarian Cancer

Perineal talc use has also been linked to ovarian cancer:

Study FindingAssociation
Multiple meta-analyses20-30% increased risk
Case-control studiesConsistent association
MechanismTalc particles reaching ovaries

Regulatory Landscape

Current FDA Authority

LimitationImpact
No pre-market approval requiredProducts reach market untested
Voluntary industry testingInconsistent quality
Limited recall authoritySlow response to contamination
No mandatory reportingCompanies don’t have to report problems

2025 Regulatory Developments

The FDA withdrew its proposed talc testing rule in late 2025, leaving regulation uncertain:

DevelopmentImplication
Testing rule withdrawnNo mandatory asbestos testing
Industry self-regulationContinues as primary safeguard
Consumer vigilancePersonal responsibility remains key

Protecting Yourself

Choosing Safer Products

Safer ChoiceReason
Talc-free powdersEliminates contamination risk
Cornstarch-basedNatural alternative
Rice powderTraditional alternative
ArrowrootPlant-based option
Known brands with testingSome brands test extensively

Reading Labels

Look ForAvoid
”Talc-free""Talc” or “talcum powder”
Ingredient transparencyVague ingredient lists
Third-party testing claimsUntested imports

Safe Application Practices

If you use talc products:

PracticeBenefit
Apply away from faceReduce inhalation
Use applicator, not puffLess powder released
Avoid loose powdersPressed powders release less
Don’t use on childrenDeveloping lungs vulnerable
Avoid genital areaReduce ovarian cancer risk

High-Risk Groups

Who Should Avoid Talc Products

GroupReason
Infants and childrenDeveloping lungs, lifetime exposure
Cosmetics industry workersHigh occupational exposure
Daily heavy usersCumulative exposure
Those with respiratory conditionsAdditional irritant

If You’ve Used Talc Products

Assessing Your Risk

FactorHigher RiskLower Risk
DurationDecades of useOccasional use
FrequencyDailyInfrequent
Application sitePerineal, faceBody
Product typeLoose powderPressed

Medical Considerations

  1. Don’t panic: Most users will not develop disease
  2. Document usage history: Products, duration, frequency
  3. Discuss with doctor: Include in medical history
  4. Monitor for symptoms: Cough, breathing issues, abdominal changes

If diagnosed with mesothelioma or ovarian cancer after talc use:

ActionPurpose
Preserve product containersEvidence
Document purchase historyProve usage
Save receipts if availableCorroboration
Consult attorneyUnderstand options

Industry Response

Reformulated Products

Many companies have removed talc from products:

CompanyAction
Johnson & JohnsonDiscontinued talc baby powder globally
RevlonReformulating some products
Various brands”Talc-free” lines launched

Testing Programs

Some companies now conduct asbestos testing:

Testing LevelDescription
Batch testingEach production lot
Supplier verificationTesting at talc source
Third-party validationIndependent laboratory testing

However, testing is not required and quality varies.

Resources

Consumer Resources

  • FDA Cosmetics Safety: fda.gov/cosmetics
  • Environmental Working Group: ewg.org/skindeep
  • Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: safecosmetics.org
Choose Talc-Free Products

The safest option is to choose talc-free cosmetics, which eliminate contamination risk entirely. Look for products made with cornstarch, rice powder, or arrowroot. Check labels for “talc-free” and avoid products listing talc or talcum powder.

How does asbestos get into cosmetics?

Talc and asbestos are both silicate minerals that form in the same geological deposits. When talc is mined from deposits near asbestos, cross-contamination can occur. Complete separation is technically challenging, and no federal law requires cosmetics manufacturers to test for asbestos.

Which cosmetics are most likely to be contaminated?

Products containing talc pose the highest risk: baby powder, face powder, foundation, eyeshadow, and blush. Loose powders release more airborne particles than pressed formulations. Major recalls have affected products from J&J, Claire’s, Justice, and others.

Are cosmetics now tested for asbestos?

Not required. The FDA proposed mandatory testing under the 2022 MoCRA law but withdrew the rule in 2025. Testing remains voluntary and inconsistent. Some brands test extensively; others don’t test at all.

I've used talc cosmetics for years—should I be worried?

Most users won’t develop disease, but you should document your usage history and mention it to your doctor. Choose talc-free products going forward. If you develop respiratory symptoms or abdominal changes, discuss them with your healthcare provider.